Table of Content

12 December 2013, Volume 41 Issue 6

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Preparation of Active Carbon and Its Application Progress

MI Tie，HU Ye-li，YU Xin-ming

2013, 41(6):  5-12. 

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Active carbon is a carbon material which is made from carbonaceous material，it has the feature of unprimitive internal void structure，big specific surface area，strong adsorption capability，it can be used as adsorption material and catalyst carrier，and used extensively in industrial and agricultural production. Summarizes the physicochemical property of active carbon，introduces the preparation meterial，preparation method，modification，application in each domain of active carbon detailedly，and introduces the work of the author in this field.

Collection Efficiency Analysis for Submicrometer Aerosol Particulates in Wet Electrostatice Precipitator

SHI Ling，YU Xin-ming

2013, 41(6):  13-16. 

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By analyzing for the fine particulate and water droplet forced，a model for submicrometer particulate collected is setup. The collection of the submicrometer particulate is calculated theoretically combining the electrostatic，interception and impaction. The fraction collection curve of submicrometer particulate versus particle diameter under the different water droplet diamete is given out. Results show that the collection efficiency of the submicrometer particle is more than 98%，and the water droplet is less than that of the wet mechanical dust collector，and calculation is consistent within range of error.

Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and NO with Ozone Oxidation Process

LU Xu-jie，HU Ming-hua，GAO Xiang，ZHANG Yue-zhi，LI Qin-chao

2013, 41(6):  17-20. 

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The gases such as N₂，O₂，NO and SO₂ were mixed at a certain ratio in the lab to simulate industry flue gas. The simulated flue gas and ozone were put to ozone reactor. The effects of the parameters such as O₃/NO mole ratio，temperature and different absorption solution on removal efficiencies of NO and SO₂ were studied. The experimental results showed that NO can be oxidized efficiently by O₃ in liquid phase，while the existence of SO₂ has a negative impact on the removal of NO. Under the condition of O₃/ NO=1，the NO removal efficiency is 93.12%. When the absorption solution was changed from distilled water to Na₂CO₃ solution，the removal efficiencies of NO and SO₂ increased. It can be found that the removal efficiencies of NO and SO₂ appeared to have a slight decline trend at 20～60℃，but the change is not big.

Research Progress on Source Apportionment of Fine Particulate Matter in Atmosphere

JIANG Jun-ting，LIU Qiong-yu

2013, 41(6):  21-26. 

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The home and abroad latest research progress on receptor model which is used for the source apportionment of fine particulate matter PM2.5 is summarized. The principles，applications，features of chemical mass balance，principal component analysis，factor analysis，positive matrix factorization such source apportionment methods are introduced in detail. Meanwhile，the development tendency of source apportionment for fine particulate matter is forecasted.

Determination of Diethylstilbestrol in Food by Catalytic and Sensitive Spectrophotometry with CTMAB

CHEN He-lian，HUANG Lu，ZHENG Qi

2013, 41(6):  27-30. 

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A catalytic and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of diethylstilbestrol （DES）with CTMAB has been developed. The method is based on the phase transfer catalysis and sensitive complex ation characteristic of CTMAB. The study showed that Fe（Ⅲ）was reduced to Fe（Ⅱ）by DES and a stable multi-micelle complex was formed by Fe（Ⅱ）and K₃［Fe（CN）₆ ］in the existence of CTMAB，the maximum absorption is at at 736 nm. Lambert-Beer law was well obeyed at DES concentrations ranging from 0. 032 56 to 0. 652 1 μg/mL，regression equation was A = 0. 002 7+0. 399 0 ρ，correlation coefficient R² was 0. 999 1，detection limit was 1. 35 μg/mL and the molar absorption coefficient was ε = 5. 43 × 105（L·mol^-1·cm^-1）；the relative standard deviation was 0. 89%. The proposed method was used in the determination of DES in powdered milk and the recovery was 89.3% ～ 101.6%.

Determination on Residue of Ethinylestradiol in Powdered Milk with HPLC

TAN Fang，HUANG Lu，ZHENG Qi，CHEN Ran

2013, 41(6):  31-33. 

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A method was developed for the determination of ethinylestradiol residue in powdered milk with HPLC. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile，contrifugated，the extract was filtrated with 0.45 μm filter membrane after being concentrated，freezed and degreased，then carried out HPLC analysis. Extraction solution，extraction method and HPLC condition were optimized. Used acetonitrile-water （50∶50）as the mobile phase，flowing speed was 1 mL/min，column temperature was 30℃，detective wavelength was 224 nm. The detection limit of the method was 16 μg/kg， the recovery was 86.5%-97.0%，the related coefficient of the working curve was 0.999 0，the relative standard deviation was 0.95%-2.01%（n = 3） . The method is rapid，sensitive，good seperation effect，simple，no disturbance from impurity，can meet the request of etinylestradiol dectection in powdered milk.

Synthesis，Characterization of Rutin- Fe （Ⅲ）and Its Interaction with DNA

LI Ai-hua，GUO Yan-hua，ZHANG Yu-min

2013, 41(6):  34-37. 

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Rutin combined iron complexes was synthesized with rutin and ferric sulfate at 40 ℃ and pH subacidic conditions. The composition of the complexes of Fe （Rutin）₂ ·5H₂O was determined with equimolar continuous variation and differential thermal analysis. Structure of the complexes were characterized by UV and IR. The maximum absorption of the composition was at 416 nm and Fe-O bond characteristic absorption peaks appeared at 620. 94 cm^-1. The interaction mechanism of the composition with DNA was studied by the methods of absorption spectrometry and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The bonding constant of rutin- Fe （Ⅲ）to DNA was 67. 57 mL/mg. The experimental results indicated that the composition can bind to DNA in embedded mode.

Tendency Outlook and Review on Bioavailability of Heavy Metal in Soil

HUANG Bi-jie

2013, 41(6):  38-43. 

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Introduces the concept of bioavailability，analyses the influence factors to bioavailability of heavy metal in soil，makes certain that the true and real absorption of the heavy metal elements in soil by creatures is the effective criterion of heavy metals pollution. Based on viewing domestic and foreign literature，bioavailability of lead and mercury in soil are summarized. Furthermore，problems and future trends of bioavailability research of heavy metal are discussed in detail，to provide reference for researches.

Investigation and Prevention of Pollution Sources of Water Environment in Daye City

LU Zhen

2013, 41(6):  44-48. 

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Surveys were conducted on point pollution source and nonpoint pollution source in Daye city，total amount of pollutants into the river was checked with using the method of pollutants producing coefficient，indirect estimation，and correction of source intensity coefficient. The purpose was to understand the situation of pollution source of water environment in Daye City. The results indicated that the harm of nonpoint pollution source was equal to point pollution source approximately. The local sewage treatment rate is low. Livestock breeding and agricultural runoff pollution had not been controlled effectively. The countermeasures of water environmental protection were suggested on the basis of the results. Firstly，the controlling of nonpoint source pollution need to be treated seriously. Secondly，the construction of environmental protection infrastructure need to be strengthen. Finally，to adjust the industrial structure，and realize the mineral economic transition.

Modeling and Simulation of Wind Power Generation System

TAN Xin，TIAN Ji-ming

2013, 41(6):  49-55. 

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With single capacity increasing，wind power generation system has increasingly become a complex multi-domain system，which contains mechanical，electric，wind power and control systems and their coupling，requirements are higher for modeling and simulation. The method of modeling and simulation of the wind power system are presented，the advantages and disadvantages of the applications are analysed. Multi-domain unified modeling are introduced，it can provide effective tools for performance simulation of wind power generation system. The software based on Modelica can provide an unified tool for performance simulation of wind power generation system，simulations in different domains can be based on an unified model，it can realize seamless integration of different domain models.

Mechanical Vibration Monitoring System for Water Turbine Based on Sun SPOT Wireless Sensor Network

XIE Xing-wang，LIU Hao

2013, 41(6):  56-59. 

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A set of mechanical vibration monitoring system（MVMS）for water turbine is designed using the SunSPOT wireless sensor network（WSN）hardware and software platform. The mechanical vibration data of the water turbine can be collected，transmitted and stored in real time. The computer control center of the hydropower plant analyses these data and then makes accurate judgment. All these can ensure the safe operation of turbine，timely maintenance and reduce the risk of accident. The SunSPOT WSN's hardware structure，6LoWPAN wireless communication protocol（WCP），software development platform based on Java language and SPOT WORLD virtual machine are discussed. In addition，the interface and the class code are introduced which can realize WSN code's data acquisition，transmission and storage.

Seismic Analysis and Design of a Super High-rise Building Structure

CHEN Zhen

2013, 41(6):  60-65. 

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On the basis of analysis on the structural performance goal，establishes the calculation model of a super high-rise building structure by applying the software of PKPM. Then carries out the seismic design、calculation and analysis of the structure. Through the analysis and evaluation of calculation results，puts forward the structural anti-seismic measures which are suited for the super high-rise building. The seismic design and the analysis method and structural anti-seismic measures can provide reference for anti-seismic design of similar super high-rise buildings.

Influence of Fullerene（C₆₀ ）on RNA Reverse Transcription

LI Jia，LIN Yan，CHEN Min-jie，ZHANG Jie，LI Zheng，LIANG Yong

2013, 41(6):  66-71. 

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Objective：To elucidate the effects of fullerene（C₆₀）on reverse transcription（RT）. Methods：Template mRNA was extracted from the liver of zebrafish，synthesised cDNA with M-MLV reverse transcriptase. Different concentrations of C₆₀ were added into the RT reaction solution，to study the impact of C₆₀ on M-MLV reverse transcriptase and RNA conformation respectively. Results：The results showed that 100 μg/mL of C₆₀ could significantly inhibit the RT reaction，and this effect was related to the C₆₀ concentration. The RT inhibition of C₆₀ could be reversed by increasing the amount of M-MLV reverse transcriptase in the RT reaction solution. After its co-incubation with RNA in 37 ℃ for 12 h without light，C₆₀ can specifically degraded 28S rRNA in the concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion：These results demonstrate that C₆₀ could not only inhibit the activity of M-MLV reverse transcriptase，it also has damaging effect on the RNA. C₆₀ may have potential genetics toxicity.

Ovarian Maturity Cystic Teratoma with Middle-low Differentiation Squamous Cell Carcinoma：A Case Report and Literature Review

ZHEN Hong-yan，CHEN Qiong-xia，LIU Li-jiang

2013, 41(6):  72-75. 

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Objective：To investigate the pathology diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the oarian maturity cystic teratoma with squamous cell carcinoma. Methods：To analyse the clinical data，iconography and pathology features of one oarian maturity cystic teratoma with squamous cell carcinoma，and to carry on literature review. Results：Gross appearance：gray beige cystic neoplasm，18 cm × 11 cm × 7 cm，cyst wall smooth containing lipid and hair，can be stripped，without the liquid and mucus composition. There is 4 cm × 3 cm gray solid area with the gray fragile texture of cross section. Microscopically appearance：tumor wall lines squamous epithelium，with the sebaceous glands and hair follicles inside the wall；Visible scattered cells with big hyperchromatic nuclears，showed diffuse arrangement，faint nucleoli，some cells with a spindle type，another little differentiated squamous cell carcinoma area can be visible，which shows the cornification in cell and cell bridges and horny pearl. Immunohistochemical stains results，CK5/6 and PCK：the malignant cells express positively；The pathological diagnosis：ovarian maturity cystic teratoma with area of squamous cell carcinoma in middle-low differentiation. Conclusion：Ovarian maturity cystic teratoma with squamous cell carcinoma is a rare highly malignant tumor，the patients age and postmenopausal age，tumor size，standard pathology examination and distinctive immunohistochemical mark are helpfull to the pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Distribution of Extended -spectrum -β-lactamases -producing Escherichia coli and its Antibiotic Resistance Analysis

CHEN Li， YANG Wei-ping

2013, 41(6):  76-78. 

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Objective： To explore the distribution and antibiotic resistance of extended-spectrum-β-lactamases（ESBLs）-producing Escherichia coli in the hospital，so as to provide reference for reasonable utilization of antibiotic and reducing of drug resistance. Methods：From Aug，2010 to Dec，2011， 264 E.colis were isolated from clinical specimens，the antibiotic susceptibility was tested by K-B method. According to CLSI standard，ESBLs was confirmed，statistical analysis was taken with WHONET 5.4 software. Results：Among 264 E.coli isolates， 134 （50. 8%）were ESBLs-producing strains. The sputum was the highest sources of specimens（47. 76%），the department of general surgery was the highest section-office of distribution（12. 61%） . The resistance rates for ESBLs-producing E.coli to imipenem，meropenem，piperacillin/tazobactam，cefoperazone/sulbactam，amikacin，cefoxitin and nitrofurantoin were lower and between 0% to 15. 5%；The resistance rates to ciprofloxacin，levofloxacin， gentamicin，compound sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanate were higher and between 41. 3% to 82. 8%；The resistance rates to penicillins，cephalosporins and aztreonams were highest and reached 100%，so they are not suitable for clinic. Conclusion：ESBLs-producing E.coli has multidrug-resistant，so it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance in clinical laboratory，to use antibiotics according to antibiotic susceptibility test.

A Systemic Evaluation on Trimetazidine Combined with Shexiang Baoxin Pill on Chronic Heart Failure

YANG Liu，GUO Yi

2013, 41(6):  79-85. 

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Objective：To review the therapeutical effect of trimetazidine and shexiang baoxin pill on chronic heart failure. Methods：The literature of randomized and controlled trialls（RCT） about treatment of chronic heart failure with trimetazidine and shexiang baoxin pill were retrieved from Cochrane Library， ProQuest Research Library， MEDLINE， Embase， PEDro， OpenSIGLE， NTIS，ScienceDirect， CNKI， VIP， Wanfang Data and CBM （by Apr 30， 2013），and then 2 reviewers independently chose RCT， extracted materials， checked crossly and gave methodological quality evalua? tion. Meta analysis was conducted by using Revman 5.2 software. Results：A total of 6 trials and 387 patients were discovered. Meta analysis showed that at the end of the study，compared with routine remedy alone，the remedy of trimetazidine and shexiang baoxin pill on chronic heart failure obtained abvious amelioration on left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF），left ventricular end diastolic diameter（LVEDD），left ventricular end shrink diameter（LVESD）and the walking distance of 6 minutes，WMD（95%CI）： 5.99 （5.90 to 6.08），-5.04 （-5.90 to -4.19），-4.6 （-8.59 to -0.64），42.73 （32.48 to 52.97） . There were not obvious adverse reactions. Conclusion：The existing evidence shows that the therapy of trimetazidine and shexiang baoxin pill is effective to chronic heart failure and can ameliorate left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF），left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVEDD），left ventricular end shrink diameter （LVESD）and the walking distance of 6 minutes. As the limitation of the quality of enclosed literature，the review on the curative effect of chronic heart failure expects more randomized controlled double-blind trials with high quality.

Extraction and Antibacterial Effect of Flavonoids from Water Chestnut Peel

XU Guo-quan，GUO Yan-hua

2013, 41(6):  95-99. 

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The effect of extraction solvent，acetic acid concentration，extraction temperature，time and solid-liquid ratio（g/mL）on the extraction rate of flavonoids from the water chestnut peel was studied. The optimized parameters was obstained with the single factor and orthogonal design. The results showed that 75% acetic acid concentration，70℃，solid-liquid ratio 1∶14 and 6 h，the extraction rate of flavonoids reached 1. 56%. The antibacterial effect of flavonoids in the water chestnut peel to Escherichia coli，Bacillus subtilis，Staphyloccocus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were measured. The results showed that extracts of the water chestnut peel had the antibacterial effect to the 4 species germs，but the amount of flavonoids content has no obvious correlation with the antibacterial effect，It can be inferred that the antibacterial substance in extractive is not only flavonoids. The extracting flavonoids and antibacterial effect to 4 species germs had no linear relationship when the flavonoids extracted on different temperature ranged from 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Velvet Bean Germplasm Resources with ISSR Markers

ZHANG Feng-yin，DAI Xi-gang，PAN Lei

2013, 41(6):  100-104. 

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Constructed the fingerprint of 9 velvet bean（Stizolobium cochinchinensis）germplasm resources and analyse their genetic diversity with ISSR markers. The results indicated that 8 primers with strong stability and repeatability were screened from 35 primers and carried out PCR amplification. 64 bands were amplified from 9 velvet bean varieties，among which 50 were polymorphic，and the polymorphic rate was up to 78.1%. Using 12 specific bands in the 3 polymorphic ISSR primers（UBC889、 UBC812、 UBC825），the 9 velvet bean germplasm resources could be differentiated. The genetic similarity coefficients of velvet bean germplasm ranged from 0. 47 to 0. 97. Nine velvet bean varieties were divided into 3 groups by UPGMA cluster analysis with the similarity coefficient of 0. 73. The phylogenetic relationship of velvet beans are partly related to the geological sources of the germplasm.

Comparison of Carbon Source in Cordyceps militaris Artificial Substitute Cultivation

LEI Gang，JIANG Qin，FAN Ya-di，WANG Hong-wei，CAO Xiao-wen

2013, 41(6):  105-108. 

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In order to obtain the best carbon source of Cordyceps militaris artificial substitute cultivation，studied the quality and yield differences of Cordyceps militaris when 4 different kinds of crops were the main ingredient of culture medium. When the other conditions were the same，rice， sorghum，corn and wheat were used to be the culture medium，from liquid seed to fruiting body maturity. Surveyed and evaluated the quality and yield differences of fruiting bodies with random sampling. The results showed that the wheat and rice were the best carbon source，sorghum was the next while the corn was the worst.