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Table of Content

    25 December 2024, Volume 52 Issue 6
    Previous Issue   
    Morphological Characteristics Analysis of Megalurothrips usitatus
    ZHU Shumeng，HU Gege，LIU Minghui，QIAN Yike，CHEN Chanyou，PAN Lei
    2024, 52(6):  5-13.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.001
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    Cowpea is a kind of bulk bean vegetable，and Megalurothrips usitatus，as its primary pest in recent years，harms flowers and pods，destroys growth points，seriously affects the normal development of cowpea，and leads to yield reduction or even total loss. However，Megalurothrips usitatus is tiny and well-hidden，making it difficult for the naked eye. Therefore， the current understanding of the morphological characteristics of Megalurothrips usitatus on cowpea needs to be furthered. In this paper，the specimen of Megalurothrips usitatus on cowpea was prepared by the method of preparation. Each segment length and area of the adult Megalurothrips usitatus，and each segment area of its antennae were precisely measured to study its morphological characteristics. The results showed that the average body length of female adults of Megalurothrips usitatus on cowpea was 1 520. 10 μm，and the average body length of male adults was 1 487. 90 μm. The head accounted for about 11. 4% of the body length，the chest accounted for about 30. 45% of the body length，of which the mid-dorsal and the posterior dorsal plate each carried a pair of wings. There were two brown transverse bands at the end and middle of the forewing， accounting for 11. 2% and 34. 6% of the wing length，respectively. The abdomen accounted for the most significant proportion，and the abdominal body color was distributed in white and brown. The thrips antennae were divided into eight sections：a pedicel，a scape，and six flagellomeres. There was an area ratio of 120∶109∶137∶139∶73∶114∶20∶14 among the eight sections. The basal scape and pedicel played a supporting role，and the areas of the six flagellomeres at the end were different，enabling the antennae to flexibly capture volatile information compounds released by host plants in the air to find suitable host plants more effectively. The unique brown bands of forewings and eight-segmented antennae of Megalurothrips usitatus can be used as a rapid method to identify thrips species，providing an essential scientific basis for future identification and prevention management.
    Advances in Chinese Douchi Production Technology and Its Food Nutrition and Safety Research
    YU Jinyia，XU Mengyuea，CHEN Zhangboa，CHEN Chanyoub，WANG Hongbo*a，b
    2024, 52(6):  14-23.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.002
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    As a traditional Chinese fermented food processed from beans，douchi has formed a large-scale industrial base in China. Douchi can be classified according to processing materials，production technology，and fermentation microorganism species. In this review， we summarized the research progress on the nutrition and safety of douchi in China in terms of douchi microbial populations，douchi raw materials，douchi fermentation process，douchi nutrition and bioactive components，douchi food safety properties，douchi storage and preservation， and douchi research trends. Identifying microbial populations in douchi and mining bioactive components in douchi are current hotspots in douchi research. The large-scale production of douchi products with specific biological functions by fermentation with pure species of microorganisms，as well as the enhancement of the nutritional value and food safety properties of douchi，are the focus of future research in the douchi industry. This review provides a valuable reference for theoretical research and industrial development of douchi in China.
    Existence of Positive Solution for Fractional Differential Equations with Distributed Delays
    ZHAO Yuping
    2024, 52(6):  24-29.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.003
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    The existence of a positive solution of the fractional differential equations with distributed delays was studied using the Banach contraction principle and some necessary analytic techniques. A sufficient condition for a positive solution of the equations was obtained. An example was provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theorem.
    An Augmented Lagrangian Method for Identifying Robin Coefficient
    HE Jiaqing，LIU Jie*
    2024, 52(6):  30-37.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.004
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    A nonlinear inverse problem was proposed to estimate Robin coefficients in elliptic equations based on the measured values of the solution on measurable boundaries. Firstly，the regularization method was applied to transform the inverse problem into a constrained minimum problem，and the existence of the minimization solution was proved. Then，the augmented Lagrangian method was used to convert the constrained minimum problem into an unconstrained saddle point problem，and their equivalence was proved strictly in theory.
    Ancient Glass Composition Analysis and Sub-classification Methods Based on Interpretable Multi-model Fusion
    TANG Siyuan1a ，LI Heng1a ，QIU Shirui2 ，ZHU Yukun1b，KE Yuanyuan*1a
    2024, 52(6):  38-52.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.005
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    Due to the influence of the burial environment，the ancient glass will weather because of its internal elements exchanging with the environmental elements，resulting in changes in the composition proportion，which will have a certain impact on archaeological work. In this paper，we analyzed the chemical compositions of glass artifacts from the perspective of content，using univariate factor analysis，chi-square test，and SHAP-SVC fusion method to analyze the three indicators related to the weathering degree of ancient glass， which were ranked as glass type > decoration > color. Taking the type of glass as a categorical variable and the chemical composition content of glass as a presenting variable， the contents of 14 chemical compositions were visualized and analyzed by data mining，and the statistical laws of the chemical composition content with and without weathering on the glass surface were obtained；that was，when the SiO2 content of high potassium glass was higher than 90%，the weathering phenomenon was likely to happen，and when the SiO 2 content of lead-barium glass was lower than 30%，the weathering phenomenon was expected to happen. Then，the weathering prediction model was constructed using the difference in the median content of each component before and after weathering. The coarse classification and sub-classification model of glass was established based on GMM and the decision tree algorithm. It was given that the lead-barium glass subclasses were mainly divided by the content of PbO，SiO2 ，SrO，BaO，and CaO. In contrast，the high potassium glass subclasses were divided by the content of CaO，Al2 O3 ，and SiO2 .
    Study on Cognitive Level and Related Behaviors of Overweight/Obesity Among College Students in Wuhan： Taking Jianghan University as an Example
    DU Yitao，CHEN Yudong，LU Mingju，QIAN Zijie，ZENG Ni，LIU Rui*
    2024, 52(6):  53-62.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.006
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    Objective To understand the current situation of overweight and obesity among students at Jianghan University， their cognitive level， and related behaviors towards overweight and obesity，and provide a scientific basis for improving the current situation and intervention for overweight and obesity in college students. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 900 students from Jianghan University using the stratified cluster sampling method. Results A total of 863 valid questionnaires were collected，and the detection rates of normal weight，overweight，and obesity were 64. 6%，19. 9%，and 15. 5%，respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in parental body shape，grade，and major among the three groups（P < 0.01）. The kappa value of the body weight evaluation of college students with different body sizes was 0. 464（P < 0. 001）. The proportion of those who did not pay attention to their body weight in the three groups was 14. 0%，15. 7% and 23. 9%，while the proportion of paying attention to their body weight was 47. 5%，50. 0%， and 38. 0%，respectively，with statistically significant differences（P < 0. 05）. The number of weekly exercises，duration of each exercise，and average daily sitting time among college students with different body types were significantly different（P < 0. 01）. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of breakfast and late-night snack consumption，as well as the regularity of three meal eating times among the three groups （P < 0.001）. In addition，the frequency of consuming sugary beverages，fried foods，and fast food was markedly different among the three groups （P < 0.001）. The logistic regression analysis results indicated that maternal body size，the frequency of late-night snacks，breakfast，and fried foods consumption，and the regularity of three meal eating times were the main influencing factors of overweight and obesity. Conclusion The detection rate of overweight/obesity among college students at Jianghan University is relatively high， and their cognitive level of overweight and obesity is relatively low. Diet and exercise are important factors affecting overweight/obesity among college students in Jianghan University. Health education or related courses should be carried out to improving their awareness of overweight/obesity， change their unhealthy eating habits， and promote exercise to reduce the risk of overweight/obesity among college students in Wuhan.
    CiteSpace-based Analysis of Current Status and Research Trends on Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis by External Therapies of Traditional Chinese Medicine
    ZHU Changhao，WANG Haoyuan，XIE Ning，QIN Yuan，YANG Jinghua， ZHANG Hongpeng*
    2024, 52(6):  63-70.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.007
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    Objective To analyze the current research status，hotspots，and trends in treating ankylosing spondylitis（AS）by external therapies of Traditional Chinese Medicine based on CiteSpace. Methods The research literature on treating AS by external therapies of Traditional Chinese Medicine included in CNKI，VIP，Wanfang，and China Biomedical Literature Database of CNKI from January 2003 to December 2022 were selected. The authors，institutions，and keywords of the relevant literature were subjected to visual clustering and co-occurrence analyses using CiteSpace 5.8R3 software. Results A total of 1 099 articles were included，with a general upward trend in articles′ number in the previous period and a slight decrease in recent years，forming several research groups centered on scholars such as Tian Yuansheng，Yang Jiguo，and Liu Jian，as well as core research institutes such as Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， and so on. Hot keywords mainly included herbal fumigation， supervision， acupuncture，and clinical efficacy，and 18 clusters had been formed. The current research in this field mainly focuses on acupuncture and herbal fumigation. Conclusion The research related to treating AS with external Chinese medicine is wide-ranging. However，the cooperation between institutions and teams needs to be closer，and there are still problems，such as more clinical research and relatively insufficient basic research. In recent years，the research hotspot has gradually shifted from the clinical efficacy of external therapies such as acupuncture，moxibustion，and herbal fumigation to studying the mechanism of external therapies in Chinese medicine for treating AS. The action mechanism of regulating inflammatory factors by dugu moxibustion， fire dragon moxibustion，and acupuncture may be the hotspot and trend of future research.
    Peritoneal Dialysis Complicated with Thoracoabdominal Fistula： A Case Report and Literature Review
    WEI Zurong1，WEI Honglan2，REN Weirong2，DONG Junwu*2
    2024, 52(6):  71-77.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.008
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    Objective To discuss the causes and developments in treatment for peritoneal dialysis（PD）complicated with thoracoabdominal fistula，as well as its clinical symptoms， diagnosis， and differential diagnosis. Methods Clinical manifestations， routine and biochemical data from thoracoabdominal fluid，chest CT results，and radionuclide imaging results of a PD patient with a thoracoabdominal fistula admitted to Wuhan Fourth Hospital were examined，and the clinical manifestations，diagnosis，and treatment approaches were summarized. Results After receiving PD treatment for four months，the patient，a female， experienced an acute onset right thoracoabdominal fistula as well as symptoms of restrictive ventilation dysfunction such as chest tightness，panting，and coughing. While routine pleural fluid revealed no malignant cells，biochemical pleural fluid revealed low protein and elevated glucose concentration， and thoracoabdominal fistula radionuclide imaging revealed concentrated radiation distribution in the right thoracic cavity，the right thoracic cavity was equally filled with fluid according to color Doppler ultrasound and chest CT. The patient underwent thoracic puncture drainage， intermittent peritoneal dialysis（IPD） protocol correction， and conversion to hemodialysis （HD）. Pleural fluid in the patient was significantly reduced，and problems such as a thoracoabdominal fistula never recurred. Although PD complicated with a thoracoabdominal fistula is uncommon，once it does，the best course of action should be taken to prevent damage to the cardiopulmonary system or perhaps a life-threatening condition. Conclusion PD is unlikely to be complicated with thoracoabdominal fistula，which mainly occurs within the first year of PD，is more common in women，and is more prevalent on the right side，often due to the difference in thoracoabdominal pressure. Various diagnostic methods are available， and surgical or nonsurgical treatment can be chosen，but most patients ultimately require HD.
    Mechanism of Hypoxia Regulating Ferroptosis Involved in Colon Cancer Based on Data Mining Technology
    YANG Guang，TIAN Yao，XIE Handan
    2024, 52(6):  78-87.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.009
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    Objective To study the mechanism of ferroptosis involved in colon cancer under hypoxia based on data mining technology. MethodsTaking TCGA-COAD as the experimental cohort and GSE39582 as the verification cohort，based on 174 hypoxia related genes and 517 ferroptosis-related genes，a risk-scoring prognostic model was constructed by Cox and LASSO regression analysis，and the patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Then，the clinical and immune characteristics of the two risk groups were further analyzed. Finally，GO（BP，MF，CC）and KEGG enrichment analysis of differential genes between the high and low-risk groups were performed. Results A risk-scoring model containing 9 genes（CDKN2A，FNDC5，ENO3，GSTM1，JDP2， ANGPTL4，ANKZF1，TKTL1，PPARGC1A） was constructed. Compared with the high-risk group，the low-risk group had a better prognosis，and the level of immune cell infiltration in the high-risk group was higher than that in the low-risk group. Through GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis，the differential genes between the high low risk groups were shown to be correlated with the MAPK signaling pathway，Rap1 signaling pathway，Chemokine signaling pathway，and other tumor and immune-related pathways. Conclusion The risk-scoring model for colon cancer patients with ferroptosis under hypoxia conditions provides a new idea for individualized tumor treatment.
    Related Influencing Factors Analysis of Epilepsy Secondary to Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in Children
    QI Le1，SUN Dan*2
    2024, 52(6):  88-96.  doi:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2024.06.010
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    Objective The current low risk of secondary epilepsy in children recovering from N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （NMDAR） resistant encephalitis is poorly studied and under-recognized by most clinicians. A comparative study of children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis secondary to epilepsy and non-secondary to epilepsy was conducted to improve clinicians′ understanding of the clinical features and associated factors influencing anti NMDAR encephalitis and its secondary epilepsy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 50 children with confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis who visited the neurology department of Wuhan Children′s Hospital from January 2015 to January 2022. Based on whether the children had secondary epilepsy at the final follow-up，they were divided into the post-encephalitis epilepsy group （PE group） and the post encephalitis non-secondary epilepsy group（NO-PE group）. Poisson regression analysis was used for statistics. Results The incidence of post-encephalitis epilepsy was 8%（4/50）. The male-to-female ratio of 50 children was 0. 61∶1. The male-to-female ratio of children with secondary epilepsy was 1∶3. The clinical manifestations of anti-NMDAR encephalitis were diverse，with epilepsy being one of the most common clinical symptoms，accounting for 86%（43/50），of which 64%（32/50）were initiated by epilepsy. Among children with secondary epilepsy，75%（3/4）also had seizures as the first symptom and were more likely to have motor disorders left（50%（2/4））and decreased learning ability left（75%（3/4））. In terms of treatment，most children with encephalitis received immunotherapy，and 74% （37/50）of them were treated with antiepileptic drugs in the acute phase. The head imaging showed there was a statistically significant difference（P < 0. 05）between the PE group and the NO-PE group in subcortical involvement（75%（3/4）vs. 13%（6/46）），involvement of the basal ganglia area（50%（2/4）vs. 0%（0/46）），and electroencephalography showing the presence δ brush（50%（2/4））vs.（8. 7%（4/46））. Conclusion The clinical symptoms of children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis are diverse，and the incidence of secondary epilepsy is low. Antiepileptic drugs can promptly control seizures after progression to post encephalitis epilepsy，the children with head imaging showing subcortical involvement，basal ganglia area，and electroencephalogram suggesting the presence δ brush are more likely to develop secondary epilepsy.