Abstract: To explore the genetic differences of cowpea germplasm resources，3 polymorphic InDel molecular markers were used to detect the genetic variation of 24 cowpea cultivars. The genetic relationship between 24 cowpea varieties was showed by UPGMA cluster analysis，and these varieties can be divided into 3 subgroups. Furthermore，it was found that there were 8 types of InDel molecular fingerprints in these cowpea varieties ，which can distinguish different cowpea genotypes. The results provide molecular biological evidence for the molecular evaluation ，identification ，preservation ，and breeding of new varieties of cowpea.

Key words: cowpea, germplasm resources, InDel markers, fingerprint