Abstract: Objective Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica （TO） is a rare clinical disease. The study aims to improve clinicians′ understanding of TO. Methods The clinical data of a patient with TO were analyzed，the clinical features，diagnosis，and treatment of TO were discussed combining with literature. Results The clinical manifestations of TO were not specific. Chest CT scanning showed irregular thickening and calcified nodularties protruding into the tracheobronchial lumen. Bronchoscopy showed that the anterior and lateral walls of the tracheal were widely multiple solitaries or fused small cobblestone nodular protrusion，without the involvement of the posterior membrane. Histopathologic examination of the biopsied tissue showed cartilage and bone nodules under the mucosa of the trachea and bronchus. Conclusion High-resolution CT is an important non-invasive method for the diagnosis of TO. There are characteristic presentations under bronchoscope. Histopathological examination is a further confirmation of the diagnosis.

Key words: tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica, diagnosis, Chest CT scanning, bronchoscopy