Abstract: ObjectiveTo know iron deficiency anemia status and its trend of development in the primary and middle school students in Wuhan and to provide a scientific basis for the education and health sectors. The subjects are the boy and girl students of 7, 9, 12, 14 and 17 years old in 2010 and 2005, in Wuhan City. MethodsUsing screening for anemia of WHO standard of 1972. The degrees of anemia were divided into ＂borderline＂, ＂mild＂, ＂moderate＂. Comparative analysis of the two investigation anemia rates and anemia degrees of the boy and girl students in urban and rural areas were made twice. ResultsWithin five year from 2005 to 2010, the anemia rate of rural students has dropped dramatically in Wuhan City, while that of urban students has relatively risen substantially. Most of them suffer from borderline anemia. Borderline anemia rate increased in most age groups, mild anemia rate decreased, the degree of anemia overall decreased in boys. The urban and rural areas were opposite. And the degree of anemia overall increases. Urban students and rural students in early schooling (7 and 9 years old) and in later period of puberty(14 and 17 years old) are more prone to anemia rate increase and anemia severity. The trend for the rural boy＇s rate of anemia is optimistic. The urban girl＇s is the highlight of the weak groups, not only with the increasing degree of anemia, but also with deterioration in the severity. ConclusionThe relevant departments should pay great attention to deterioration of the urban students＇ anemia and focus on urban student(especially girls) groups, especially in early schooling and puberty stages.

Key words: Wuhan City, primary and secondary school students, anemia, contrast