Abstract: The recent progress and development prospects of high safety lithium ion batteries were reviewed in this paper. The writer mainly introduced the reasons and mechanism of lithium ion battery′s thermal instability from the aspects of high temperature stability of electrode and electrolyte.The deficiency of the existing commercial lithium ion battery system at high temperature was explained.The development of high temperature electrolyte，positive and negative electrode′s modification and external battery management were proposed to design a high security lithium ion battery.Finally，the writer discussed the expectation of the safety lithium ion battery.

Key words: lithium ion battery, thermal stability, security, flame retardant additive, solid electrolyte