Abstract: A four neurons network model with neutral delay was studied. Firstly，by analyzing the linearized equation of the system at the equilibrium point and the corresponding characteristic equation，the author studied the stability of the equilibrium point and obtained the effective condition where Hopf bifurcation occurs；secondly，by changing the parameters of the time delay or neutral term coefficient，the state of the neuron was changed between the resting state and the firing state；finally，numerical simulation verifyied the correctness of theoretical analysis

Key words: neutral delay, neurons network, Hopf bifurcation, periodic solution