Abstract: The difference of economic development leads to the difference of consumption structure of the resident in each province in China. Collects the date of urban consumption spending in 31 provinces and cities in the first season of 2011 and analysis the data with the method of factor analysis，concluding that there are some differences in consumption among the provinces，therefore puts forward several suggestions on improving our urban consumption structure on this basis.

Key words: consumption structure, factor analysis, resident consumption