Abstract: Neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome （nARDS） is one of the serious diseases in the neonatal period，which seriously harms the health of newborns. The main treatment methods include ventilator-assisted ventilation，PS replacement，anti-infection and nutritional support，etc. The alternative treatment of PS is one of the unique treatment methods of nARDS，and the use of PS can significantly improve hypoxemia and respiratory distress in neonates. This paper reviewed the types， dosage， administration route，administration time，and repeated administration of PS in the treatment of nARDS.

Key words: pulmonary surfactant, acute respiratory distress syndrome, neonate