Abstract: Pheretima is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine，it has been used for thousands of years in our country. Modern research discovered that Pheretima contain a variety of active components，which had many pharmacological effects，such as fibrinolysis，anticoagulation，etc. This article described the major constituents， the purification and the content determination of Pheretima anticoagulant active components，to provide a reference for the further study. Although the resources of Pheretima is rich and easy to get， the molecular size， the structure， the toxicity and the physicochemical properties of its anticoagulant active components are lack of further study. Studies of the molecular size and the structure of its anticoagulant active components can provide a solid foundation for the development of its further application.

Key words: Pheretima, anticoagulant, active components