江汉学术 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 97-104.doi: 10.16388/j.cnki.cn42-1843/c.2016.01.012

• 哲学 • 上一篇    下一篇

庄子怀疑主义的产生和归宿——由老子到庄子的考察

宋德刚   

  1. 上海师范大学法政学院,上海 200234
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-06 修回日期:2016-04-06 出版日期:2016-02-15 发布日期:2016-01-27
  • 作者简介:宋德刚,男,山东青岛人,上海师范大学法政学院博士生。

The Origination and Destiny of Chuang Tzu’s Skepticism—— Investigation into the Thoughts of Lao Tzu and Chuang Tsu

SONG Degang   

  1. Law & Politics College ,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234
  • Received:2016-04-06 Revised:2016-04-06 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2016-01-27

摘要: 从《庄子·齐物论》中的三问三不知到《庄子·应帝王》中的四问四不知,无疑都体现了庄子思想中的怀疑主义倾向。考察庄子思想的理论来源,我们可以看到,庄子的怀疑主义认识论的产生并非无源之水,事实上应该有一个思想上的酝酿过程,主要由老子的“不知”思想发展而来。老子的“不知”思想为其提供了基本的语词、内容、范式,本身已经具有了一种怀疑倾向。庄子在继承老子思想的基础上,于诸多方面将这种怀疑意识推向极端,使之正式“升格”为怀疑主义,并为怀疑主义提供了一个由“不知”到“真知”的归宿。但是,庄子怀疑主义在此后的发展可谓后继乏人,这主要是由其学说自身的原因造成的。

关键词: 庄子, 怀疑主义, 老子, 不知, 真知

Abstract: The answers to the three questions in The True Nature of All Things and to the four questions in The Philosopher -King all reveal Chuang Tzu’s skeptical tendency. Chuang Tzu’s skepticism does not appear from nothing but has a brewing process; it mainly develops from the“unknowing”theory of Lao Tzu,which gives the basic vocabulary,content,and paradigm and has already a preference of skepticism. Carrying forward the“unknowing”theory of Lao Tzu,Chuang Tzu develops this skeptical consciousness to its extreme,namely,the skepticism,and offers a home for his skepticism from“unknowing”to“genuine knowledge”. However,from then on,Chuang Tzu’s theory has found few to pass on,mainly because of its own defects.

Key words: Chuang Tzu, skepticism, Lao Tzu, unknowing, genuine knowledge

中图分类号: