Abstract: Objective To assess the cognition and vaccination willingness of female college students of Jianghan University in Wuhan about human papillomavirus （HPV） and HPV vaccine， and analyze the relevant factors that affect willingness of HPV vaccination. Methods Using the cluster sampling method，364 female medical students from School of Medicine in Jianghan University were selected as research subjects to investigate their HPV cognition and HPV vaccination willingness. Results Among 364 participants，74. 2% of them had heard of HPV，and 78. 0% of them had heard of HPV vaccine. The awareness rate of senior students was significantly higher than that of junior students，and the awareness rate of clinical medicine students was significantly higher than that of nursing students. 84. 3% of participants had willingness to be vaccinated against HPV. Logistic regression analysis found that the factors that affect the willingness to receive the HPV vaccine were whether they knew that the HPV vaccine can prevent HPV infection and whether they knew that routine cervical cancer screening was required after HPV vaccine injection. Conclusion Female medical students of Jianghan University in Wuhan have a high awareness rate of HPV and its vaccine，but they have a more partial understanding. The willingness to receive vaccination is also high. Senior medical students can carry out health education activities in school to improve the understanding of HPV-related knowledge of junior medical students and non-medical students，and lay a foundation for the popularization of HPV vaccination.

Key words: cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccine, female medical students