Abstract: As the product of the development of human history，the city will certainly develop as the history does. However，the original structure，space and function of the city can hardly meet the need of the increasing growth of population and economic development. It′s an arduous subject facing us that how the districts and buildings，as historic relics，will adapt to the modern life. The city will develop and the carrier of the city′s history should be saved. To achieve a win-win situation of protection and development，a significant aspect lies in the implement and utilization of the urban design guidelines of historic district on the basis of empirical study. According to the empirical study and investigation on the historic district in the original Russian concession，initially comes up with targeted principles about protection and renovation at the level of urban design guidelines and has a discussion of a specific historic district and buildings.

Key words: historic district, urban design guidance, empirical study, district of original Russian concession in Hankou