Abstract: Liver disease has become an important factor affecting human health and quality of life today，and it is also a major challenge in the field of global health，which needs to be paid enough attention to. The further development of liver fibrosis may lead to severe liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Although many scientific studies have shown that liver fibrosis is reversible in the early stage，this process is very slow，even extremely impossible under the influence of complications. Therefore，it is of great significance to study its pathogenesis deeply and search for effective drugs for treating liver fibrosis actively. The causes of liver fibrosis mainly include chronic viral hepatitis，alcoholic liver disease， non-alcoholic fatty liver disease，cholestasis，parasitic diseases，and autoimmune diseases. At present，the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis has not been understood completely. Its key link is the activation of hepatic stellate cells， which are further transformed into myofibroblasts. It is characterized by excessive proliferation and abnormal deposition of a large amount of extracellular matrix，resulting in the destruction of liver structure and the formation of pseudolobules. Meanwhile，it is accompanied by the disturbance of various cytokines and oxidative stress，which involves many important signal transduction pathways in the body. For treating liver fibrosis，no exact and effective western medicine has yet been found due to its complex pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese medicine has made relatively good progress in the research and treatment of liver diseases，including liver fibrosis， because of its advantages of multiple targets and syndrome differentiation. Some single traditional Chinese medicines，compounds，and monomers have played a positive role in treating liver fibrosis，but the extensional pharmacological mechanism of their anti-liver fibrosis remains to be further explored. This paper reviews the etiology and pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in anti-liver fibrosis.