Abstract: Increasing runoff pollution from rapid urbanization has been a serious threat to the safety of river water quality and quantity，sponge urban construction has been widely noticed，in order to control and reduce runoff and runoff pollution load into the rivers. In this research，the development and construction of Chongqing Chongguang lakeside park were taken as an example，environmental goals and approach of sponge urban construction were described，and the impacts of sponge urban development on the river water quality and quantity were also explored. It turned out that river water quality after development could maintain Ⅳ level，nearly as before development；The reservoir water was also basically balanced，the ecological water demand of reservoir could be met by rainwater runoff，the flood，water area decrease and function degradation could not be caused easily.

Key words: rapid urbanization, runoff pollution, safety of river water quality and quantity, sponge urban construction, Chongguang lakeside park