Abstract: Based on the micro-investigation data of CHARLS，a variety of measurement models are adopted to empirically analyze the impact of rural social insurance on farmer’s land rent-out behavior. The discoveries are as follows：firstly，the new rural cooperative medical insurance has an eminent damping effect on farmland rent-out，but the effect wanes gradually as time goes on. Secondly，the new type of pension insurance for rural residents can eminently promote farmland rent-out，and the promotion function weakens at first and becomes stabilized as time goes on. Further researches find out that the new type of pension insurance for rural residents can alleviate，to a certain degree，the unfavorable influence of new rural cooperative medical insurance on farmland rent-out， with the alleviation function constantly increasing. The study suggests that the new rural cooperative medical insurance and the new type of pension insurance for rural residents，both as an important component of rural social security，have a certain influence on rural land circulation. Hence，the government should persist in perfecting the rural social security system，expanding its coverage，improving its level，and reducing the social security function of land so as to promote the circulation of farmland. Meanwhile，attention should be paid to the synergetic coordination between policies on new rural cooperative medical insurance and new type of pension insurance for rural residents； relative mechanisms should be perfected to benefit the interactive development of the two systems，so that farmers’worries about the future after land circulation could be resolved fundamentally.

Key words: the new rural cooperative medical insurance, a new type of pension insurance for ruralresidents, farmland rent-out