Abstract: The change of a transitional community from rural village to urban society does not only involve the change of residential status，basic level administrative organization system，and the form of organization，but more of the change in the nature of land property right and spatial structure. Land property right and spatial structure are primary factors for shaping the urban-rural dual economic and social formation.The transitional community，in nature，is the projection of the urban-rural dual space structure and institutional arrangement in the domain of community. As the outcome of urbanization development and urban-rural dual structure，the nature and characteristics of transitional community must be interpreted in the urban-rural binary system. A research of the transitional community from the perspective of urban-rural binary land property right and spatial structure finds that the land property right in a transitional community falls into three categories：the collective property right，the state property right，and the mixed type of property right，which foster disparate community economic relationships and public service relationships；the spatial reform in a transitional community mainly follows two paths：partial space reform led by the col? lective and overall space re-mould led by administrative departments，which result in different spatial forms and governance tasks in the community. The various types of practices and their attributive features of transitional communities can be explained from the viewpoint of land property right and spatial reform，which lays an important foundation for exploring the effective governance of transitional communities.

Key words: transitional community, land property right, land system, spatial reform, spatial lteration；urban-rural dual structure, village in the city