Abstract: Zhu Xi’s thoughts were great achievements of Confucian in the Song dynasty. He had incisive and unique insights about education of ancient China. Zhu Xi thought that the original edification in one’s life was the most important. Primary training should develop good habit，right attitude，correct idea and nice character. Though the contents of The Children’s Education only were details and rules in daily life，they were the great sources of life in morality and career. The book named The Children’s Education which Zhu Xi compiled included three parts，the first was how to educate，the second was how to deal with interpersonal relationships and the third was how to remind oneself of reverence. After this book， the contents of The Children’s Education gradually formed a standardized system. The rules and formality in The Children’s Education were the foundation of the Youth Education which improving one’s heart and mind.The Children’s Education was about physical things and the Youth Education was about the metaphysical truth，they are in line. This book had a very high cultural connotation，so it was very popular and had a great influence. It was nearly eight hundred years from Zhu Xi’s time to Qing dynasty and Chinese primary training had always been in developing in Zhu Xi’s thoughts orbit continuance.

Key words: Zhu Xi, The Children’s Education , primary training