Abstract: In order to explore the changes of the Tulong ethnic group’s national lingua franca ability before and after the alleviation of their poverty，questionnaire surveys were done respectively in 2016 and in 2023 for comparison，and the SPSS19.0 software was used to statistically analyze the differences of the respondents’national lingua franca ability in social variables such as gender，age，and education level.The results show that after the poverty alleviation，the Drungs’listening and speaking ability has gained marked improvement，especially among the preschoolers and the middle-aged and elderly people. A combination of factors have been working for the result including the development of education，increased exposure to languages， the widespread use of media such as smartphones， and their emotional identification with the national language. Education makes the greatest contribution to the improvement of national lingua franca ability of preschool children and groups enjoying compulsory education. When the education level reaches senior high school，the contribution of education to the improvement of national lingua franca ability gradually weakens. Hence，the core audience for the promotion of national lingua franca is the farming community over 18 years old with an education level below senior high school. In order to improve the national lingua franca ability of minority nationalities，it is necessary for parents， schools，and governments to make efforts.

Key words: the Dulong（Drung）ethnic group, national lingua franca, language competence, listening and speaking ability, literacy, social variable