Abstract: The sci-tech innovation governance system is the way for the state to manage and promote the development of science and technology in the new situation of modern sci-tech development. Legislation in the sci-tech field plays an important role in the construction of a sci-tech innovation governance system， and the newly revised Scientific and Technological Progress Law is the basis of China’s sci-tech innovation governance system. From the perspective of structuralism，the innovation ecosystem has four dimensions：actor，activity，location，and link（AAPL）. Deconstructing the structure of the model can help clarify the governance system of sci-tech innovation. From the dimension of actor，the scientific construction and improvement of sci-tech innovation governance system should encourage the development of“sciencetechnology- engineering-art-mathematics” education， adopt professional service agencies instead of intermediary agencies，and build a national comprehensive science center；from the dimension of activity，the construction project should attach equal importance to natural and social sciences and encourage free exploration in alignment with national goals；from the dimension of position，the construction should advance ethical and security reviews， promote scientific information sharing， and coordinate the implementation of intellectual property strategies；and from the dimension of link，the project should optimize the link of innovation elements，strengthen the budget work of sci-tech planning，and coordinate the establishment of scientific databases.

Key words: innovation governance system, sci-tech innovation governance system, sci-tech governance, innovation ecosystem；the Scientific and Technological Progress Law