关键词: 托育服务, 托育机构, 儿童照顾, 婴幼儿, 服务标准化

Abstract: Specialization of childcare services is the process of bringing childcare services into a standardized and regulated development track；it achieves monopoly and control over the quality standards of childcare services through consolidating professional barriers，establishing professional organizations，and strengthening professional discourse. This not only provides a basis for the introduction of market access standards and the management of full process standardization of childcare institutions，but also injects vitality and momentum into the healthy development of childcare services in China in the coming period. Due to various reasons from both the host and the guest，there are many practical difficulties in the professional development of childcare services in China at present，such as low social recognition，weak recognition of effectiveness，insufficient standardization，limited openness，insufficient autonomy，and lack of solid basic knowledge. In order to further promote the professionalization of childcare services，it is necessary to boost the social recognition of the professionalization in childcare services；enhance the recognition of the effectiveness of professionalization in childcare services；properly handle the standards and norms of professionalization in childcare services；promote the professionalization and openness of childcare services；ensure the autonomy of professionalization in childcare services；and consolidate the knowledge foundation of specialized childcare services.

Key words: childcare services, childcare institution, childcare；infant, standardization of services