关键词: 晚清, 预备立宪, 立宪派, 社会整合, 国家整合, 宪法认同

Abstract: During the late Qing dynasty period，the national integration power was weak and the society was divided. Facing internal and external difficulties， the Qing government began to exercise reform and constitutionality. A good constitution has the function of integrating the nation and the society，because it builds consensus，contains different values，and the constitutional system absorbs opposition forces，regulate social mobilization， and put them in the present social and political framework. But one of the two constitutional documents issued in the late Qing period not only failed to integrate the society and the nation but intensified contradictions，and the other missed the opportunity，hence the failure of the constitutional integration and the impossibility of constitution within the existing political framework. As a result，revolution overthrew the empire. A good effective constitution and a moderate powerful state are the two fundamental conditions for national and social integration.

Key words: the late Qing dynasty, constitutionalists, social integration, national integration, constitutional identity