江汉学术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 118-128.doi: 10.16388/j.cnki.cn42-1843/c.2024.02.012

• 法律专栏_法治中国建设的新视域与新话语 • 上一篇    

环境法典编纂中“提取公因式”立法技术适用性及限度

周一博   

  1. 中国社会科学院大学 法学院,北京 102488
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-28 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-04-01
  • 作者简介:周一博,男,河南许昌人,中国社会科学院大学法学院博士生,E-mail:zyb@ucass.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目“法典化视角下生态环境损害救济责任体系研究”(22CFX071)

Applicability and Limitation of“Mention Common Factor”Legislation Technology in Environmental Codification

ZHOU Yibo   

  1. School of Law,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488
  • Received:2023-08-28 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-04-01

摘要: 在“总分结构”的结果导向下,提取公因式立法技术迎合了改善当前环境法自身体系性问题以及“适度化”环境法典的体系格局的迫切期待,从而形成了价值上的迷思。提取公因式作为从数学中援引的方法,必然受制于其数学逻辑,并继承其局限性。提取公因式的功能本质是恒等变形,作为技术结果的公因式具有既定的正当性、天然的固定性、客观的独立性,无益于环境法典这一法律改革的目的。法律通过语句来表达规范意义,这决定了提取公因式的应用离不开对法律文本的分析。具有任意性、线性等特征的环境法律文本区别于具有独立意义的数理符号,同时环境法律文本中不完整法条、代词的使用以及非语言因素等语境也无法被纳入因式集合作为拟提取公因式的对象。通过分析这一技术的合目的性,最终得出提取公因式立法技术无法满足环境法典编纂的目的和价值需要。

关键词: 环境法典, 适度法典化, 提取公因式, 立法技术, 法律文本

Abstract: Because of the result-oriented“total-sub structure,”the legislation technology of mentioning common factor caters to the urgent expectations of improving the systemic problems of the current environmental law itself and“moderating”the system pattern of environmental code,thus forming a value myth. As a mathematical method,the mention common factor method must be subject to the mathematical logic and limitations. The functional essence of the method is identical deformation,and the common factor as a technical result has established legitimacy,natural fixity,and objective independence,but it is not conducive to the purpose of legal reform of the environmental code. A law expresses the normative meaning through sentences,which determines that the application of the mention common factor method cannot be separated from the analysis of legal texts. Environmental law texts with arbitrary and linear characteristics are different from mathematical symbols with independent significance;the incomplete laws,the use of pronouns,and non-linguistic factors in environmental law texts can hardly be included in factor sets as the objects to extract the common factors. The analyses of the purposiveness of this technology concludes that the legislation technology of extracting common factor cannot satisfy the purpose and value need of environmental codification.

Key words: environmental code, appropriate codification, mention common factor method, legislative technique, legal text

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