Abstract: As the underlying structure of high-quality economic development，digital new infrastructure is strategically significant for enhancing the resilience of China’s industrial chain and building a modern industrial system. The impact of digital new infrastructure on the resilience of industrial chain and its mechanism is discussed theoretically，and empirically，the relationship between the two is tested based on the panel data of 30 provinces from 2011 to 2022. It is found that new digital infrastructure significantly promotes the resilience of industrial chain. Mechanism analysis finds that digital new infrastructure boost the resilience of industrial chain by improving the stock of innovative human capital and the development level of digital finance. In terms of threshold effect，the impact of digital new infrastructure on the resilience of industrial chain has a marginal effect which displays the threshold feature from increasing to decreasing. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of new digital infrastructure on industrial chain resilience is stronger in the eastern region and the region with high science and technology investment level；in the sub-dimensions of digital new infrastructure，the impacts of information infrastructure and innovation infrastructure on the resilience of industrial chain are evident，while the impact of integration infrastructure is not evident.

Key words: digital new infrastructure, innovative human capital, digital finance, resilience of industrial chain, high-quality economic development