江汉学术 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 22-30.doi: 10.16388/j.cnki.cn42-1843/c.2015.04.004

• 法律 • 上一篇    下一篇

清代法制体系中“部权特重”现象的形成与强化

郑小悠   

  1. 北京大学 历史系,北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-22 修回日期:2015-04-22 出版日期:2015-08-15 发布日期:2015-07-12
  • 作者简介:郑小悠,女,北京人,北京大学历史系博士生。

Formation and Strengthen of that“the Ministry of Justice Has Great Power”in the Legal System of Qing Dynasty

ZHENG Xiao-you   

  • Received:2015-04-22 Revised:2015-04-22 Online:2015-08-15 Published:2015-07-12

摘要: 从清军入关到乾隆中叶的一百余年里,王朝的刑名制度走过了这样一条道路:顺治年间全盘接受明制。康熙初年强烈逆动进而形成以刑部为轴心,各层面高度集权、上下相制的新朝新体制。到雍正年间,王朝着手对刑部这一已经成为刑名系统中地位最重,但碍于旧规模不能适应新角色的机构进行了渐进、深入、细化的改革,如提高部员文化素养和法律素养、变革司官升转途径、调整部内官吏关系,以及改善部臣与督抚关系等等。乾隆以 后,随着律例馆和秋审处二机构运行机制的完备,刑部得以承担起“天下刑名总汇”的重任,并开始主动向整个系统扩散积极影响,形成良性的互动。这样一个过程,是王朝在坚持强化旧体制的同时成功统治一个人口资源矛盾空前的大帝国的重要保障。

关键词: 刑部, 刑名制度, 清代法制体系

Abstract: For more than a hundred years from the establishment of Qing dynasty to the Qianlong period,the government legal system had experienced such a process:in the Shunzhi Period,the system generally followed that of Ming Dynasty,and it has been changed since the early Kangxi Period and formed a new system which took the Ministry of Justice as axis. In Yongzheng Period,the government promoted a refining reform for the Ministry of Justice. After the Qianlong Period,the Ministry took on heavy task and began to have positive impact on the whole system and formed a virtuous interaction. Such a process was an important guarantee for Qing Dynasty to ensure a steady rule of the great empire.

Key words: Ministry of Justice, legal system, legal institution in Qing Dynasty

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