关键词: 菜用大豆, 种子粒型, 遗传资源, 粒型分级

Abstract: Vegetable soybean is an important bean vegetable in China. Its grain type trait is a comprehensive indicator of seed size and fullness，and it is also a key factor affecting soybean commodity properties and sowing quality. In this study，78 vegetable soybean varieties with local characteristics were collected from Hubei，Henan and other regions. Through field and indoor experiments，the grain traits such as 100-grain weight，seed length，seed width and seed coat color of this group were observed. The statistical analysis was carried out. The results showed that the 100-grain weight of the 78 populations was highest up to 37. 10 g，the minimum was 4. 95 g ，and the average was 19. 46 g. The seed length was 0. 67 to 1. 22 cm，with a mean of 0. 87 cm. The maximum grain width was 0. 9 cm，the minimum was 0. 47 cm，the average width was 0. 70 cm. The aspect ratio was between 1. 05 ～ 1. 50，and the average value was 1. 2. In terms of the color of the seed coat of the varieties，the yellow was close to half，and the rest were less. Finally，based on the 100-grain weight，six oversized grain germplasms and one small-grain germplasm were screened to provide genetic material for further genetic improvement of vegetable soybean.

Key words: vegetable soybean, seed type, genetic resources, seed type classification