江汉学术 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 61-67.

• 美学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

李泽厚美学体系质疑

韩小龙   

  1. 北京语言大学 人文学院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2009-10-26 出版日期:2010-02-01 发布日期:2013-12-27
  • 作者简介:韩小龙(1969-),男,安徽怀宁人,北京语言大学人文学院博士生,研究方向文艺美学。
  • 基金资助:
    2008年教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(08JC100008)

Questioning Valdity of Li Ze-hou’s Aesthetics System

HAN Xiao-long   

  1. College of Humanities and Social Science,Beijing language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2009-10-26 Online:2010-02-01 Published:2013-12-27

摘要: 1950年代,李泽厚将黑格尔的“理念”和车尔尼雪夫斯基的“生活”进行了成功的嫁接,实现黑格尔的唯物主义化。1980年代他把康德的唯心主义先验论加以唯物化,以适应马克思主义的主流意识形态需要。这就是李泽厚的“移花接木”法。李泽厚哲学是工具论哲学,它是起点,也是贯穿其整个哲学思想体系的基本线索。中期李泽厚提出建立主体性哲学,后期又提出“情本体”。进一步强调了感性、偶然性和情欲论,但是,“情本体”和“工具论”之间存在着不可调和的张力结构。因此,工具论在学理上桎梏了他学术发展的潜力,使之画地为牢,作茧自缚。为了突破这种理论上的尴尬局面,李泽厚把马克思主义与康德三大批判相互参照,用马克思的实践观和历史观来改造康德的先验主体性。李泽厚试图将“先验”变成“历史”,这历史不是黑格尔所言的“总体历史”,而是具有人类社会实践的具体历史。他同时要推翻两个哲学家,真可谓心有余而力不足,由此导致李泽厚的“主体性”变成了一个说不清道不明的哲学概念。概念语义之间经常产生矛盾,相互抵触,貌似严密,实际上逻辑欠缜密。虽然他自己生造的词语很多,但还是掩饰不住内部体系的紊乱。

关键词: 李泽厚, 美学体系, 主体性哲学, 情本体, 工具论

Abstract: In the 1950’s, Li Ze-hou successfully connected Hegel’s “idea” with Czerny Khrushchev’s “life” and realized Hegel’s materialismization. In the 1980’s, he materialized Kant’s idealist apriorism to meet the need of Marxist mainstream ideology, which was known as Li’s “grafting” theory. Li Ze-hou’s was the instrumentalist philosophy, which was the sturting point as well as the basic string that ran through his whole philosrphical ideological system.In the middle of 1980’s, he proposed subjective philosophy. Situation ontology, which he put forward later,further emphasized perception, chance and erotic theory. However, there existed an irreconcilable tension structure between “situation ontology” and “instrumentalism”. Therefore, instrumentatlism shackled his potentiality for academic development. In order to break through the awkward theoretical situation, Li Ze-hou consulted Marxist and Kant’s three criticisms, using Marx’s practical and historical concept to reform Kant’s apriorist theory of subject.He tried to change “apriorism” into “history”,but it wasn’t “the whole history” that Hegel defined. On the contrary, it was a concrete history with the practice of the human society. He waned to deny two philosophers at one time, which was uttarly impossible. As a result, Li’s “subjectivity” became a philosophic notion beyond the explanation of speech. Definitions of conception were always contradictive and interfered with each other. They looked precise but actually logically loose. His coinages were not a few stil they failed to cover the chaos of his internal system.

Key words: Li Ze-hou, aesthetic system, subjective philosophy, situation ontology, instrumentalism

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